《管理英语4》Unit 7 Reading 1

导语

前几天，我去其它公司参观调研，真是令人大开眼界，每个公司都有自己独特的企业文化，它引领着员工有条不紊地开展工作。你对企业文化有什么看法？

阅读短文，了解企业文化及其功能。

Organizational Culture and Its Functions

企业文化及其功能

Just as individuals have personalities , so, too, do organizations. 

Individuals have relatively enduring and stable traits that help us predict their attitudes and behaviors. Organizations, like people, can be characterized as, for example, rigid, friendly, warm, innovative , or conservative. 

These traits, in turn , can be used to predict attitudes and behaviors of the people within these organizations. 

正如每个人都有个性一样，企业也有个性。每个人所具有的相对持久稳定的特质有助于我们预测他们的态度和行为。企业就像人一样，具有诸如严厉、友好、热情、创新或保守的特征。这些特质反过来又可以用来预测这些企业内人员的态度和行为。

The culture of any organization, although it may be hard to measure precisely, nevertheless exists and is generally recognized by its employees. Organizations have cultures that govern how members behave. Organizational culture refers to a system of shared meaning held by members that distinguishes the organization from other organizations. It is a set of key characteristics that the organization values. There are seven primary characteristics that capture the essence of an organization's culture. They are: innovation and risk taking, attention to details, outcome orientation , people orientation, team orientation, aggressiveness and stability . Appraising the organization on these seven characteristics gives a composite picture of the organization's culture. This picture becomes the basis for feelings of shared understanding that members have about the organization, how things are done in it, and the way members are supposed to behave. 

任何企业的文化，尽管很难准确度量，但确实存在，并被组织内员工所认同。组织文化规范员工的行为举止。企业文化指的是所有员工认同的思想体系，可以用来区别于其他企业，是企业非常珍惜的一系列重要特征。体现企业文化的本质主要有以下七大特征：大胆创新并敢于冒险、看重细节、注重结果、以人为本、团队精神、积极进取、稳定发展。从这七个方面对某一组织进行评估，勾画出这一组织文化的全貌。这一画面成为员工对企业共同理解的情感基础：工作应该怎么完成，需要员工怎么做。

Culture performs a number of functions within an organization. First, it creates distinctions between one organization and others. Second, it conveys a sense of identity for organization members. Third, culture facilitates the generation of commitment to something larger than one's individual self interest. 

Fourth, it enhances the stability of the social system. Finally, culture serves as a sensemaking and control mechanism that guides and shapes the attitudes and behaviors of employees.

企业文化具备如下功能。第一，用于区别其他组织；第二，体现企业内员工的认同感；第三，有助于产生对企业的承诺，这种承诺超越了员工自身的利益；第四，加强社会体系的稳定。最后，文化还可作为一个思想意识形成和组织管理机制，指导和养成员工的态度和行为。

The role of culture in influencing employee behaviors appears to be increasingly important in today's workplace. Who receives a job offer to join the organization, who is appraised as a high performer, and who gets a promotion are strongly influenced by the individual-organization “fit”. 

 It is not a coincidence that employees at Disney theme parks appear to be almost universally attractive, clean, and wholesome looking, with bright smiles. And once on the job, a strong culture, supported by formal rules and regulations, ensures that Disney theme park employees will act in a relatively uniform and predictable way.

在当今的职场环境中，企业文化在影响员工行为举止方面所起的作用显得越来越重要。个人与企业的融合度极大地影响着个人是否被录用，是否作为优秀员工受到表彰，是否得到晋升。迪斯尼主题乐园的员工们似乎都富有魅力、干净健康、笑容灿烂，这绝非偶然。一旦上岗，强大的以严格规章制度为支撑的迪士尼文化，确保所有员工操作规范一致，符合人们的预期。

上面的文章你理解了吗？请为每段选择相应的段落大意。

A. Influence of organizational cultures on employee behaviors.

B. Functions of organizational cultures.

C. Definition of organizational cultures.

D. Organizations have personalities just like individuals.

Para.1 

正确答案：D

Para.2 

正确答案：C

Para.3 

正确答案：B

Para.4 

正确答案：A