八一学院《开放英语4/英语II（2）》形成性考核答案
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八一学院《开放英语4/英语II（2）》形成性考核答案
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1.[单选题]交际用语：
—I haven’t seen Billy for 10 years.
—______________________
A.Either have I
B.So have
C.Haven’t I
D.Neither have
正确答案是：
2.[单选题]交际用语：— Will you help me arrange a meeting with Mr. Brown, please?
—_____________
A.No, no way.
B.No, I can’t.
C.Sorry I can’t. I have to finish my project right now.
正确答案是：
3.[单选题]交际用语：
— Wow! This is a fantastic project! I've never known you're so creative.
— __________
A.Don't mention it.
B.Great, I dare to say I am a talent.
C.Thanks for your compliments.
正确答案是：
4.[单选题]交际用语：
—Do you know who telephoned me?
—______________________
A.I heard it was Sally.
B.Yes, remember it now.
C.No, I didn’t phone you.
D.Yes, I know you well.
正确答案是：
5.[单选题]交际用语：
—Let’s go to the library this afternoon.
—_________
A.No, I can’t.
B.What about you?
C.That’s a good idea.
正确答案是：
6.[单选题]词汇与语法：Team members are ______ as unique people with irreplaceable experiences, points of view, and knowledge to contribute.
A.treated
B.viewed
C.known
正确答案是：
7.[单选题]选择填空： After days of investigation, the police were_______ reality.
A.looking into
B.finding
C.approaching
正确答案是：
8.[单选题]词汇与语法：The leader ______ at creating opportunities to provide rewards, recognition and thanks to his or her staff.
A.exceeds
B.excellent
C.excels
正确答案是：
9.[单选题]词汇语法：When people are surrounded by ______ communication and encouragement, they can find the courage to try, fail, redo, and try again.
A.complicated
B.constant
C.corporate
正确答案是：
10.[单选题]词汇语法：Please ______ your hand if you have any question at all.
A.raise
B.rise
C.arise
正确答案是：
11.[单选题]词汇语法：The workmen want to ________ the number of working hours and to increase pay.
A.delete
B.decrease
C.depress
正确答案是：
12.[单选题]词汇与语法：The Human Resource Managing Department at Honda is given specific instructions ______ employ the best possible workers.
A.how to
B.on what to
C.on how to
正确答案是：
13.[单选题]选择填空：I like to think________. I am always the one finding new ways to a situation or challenge.
A.outside of the box
B.of the box
C.inside of the box
正确答案是：
14.[单选题]词汇与语法：Learning new things has always been a great ______ for me.
A.motivator
B.motivate
C.motivation
正确答案是：
15.[单选题]选择填空：Supervisors should________ their employees in two-way communication so that understanding takes place.
A.enable
B.engage
C.encourage
正确答案是：
16.[单选题]词汇与结构：
He’s left now, but productivity hasn’t （ ） that much.
A.carried on
B.picked up
C.caught up
正确答案是：
17.[单选题]词汇与语法：The team creates an environment ______ people are comfortable in communicating, advocating positions, and taking action.
A.that
B.which
C.in which
正确答案是：
18.[单选题]选择填空：________we can’t compete in terms of size I do believe we hold an advantage in terms of dedication to customer service.
A.Therefore
B.But
C.Although
正确答案是：
19.[单选题]选择填空：Self-esteem needs might include the________ from a workplace.
A.rewards
B.rewarded
C.rewarding
正确答案是：
20.[单选题]词汇语法：Please ask the solicitor what his ________ would be to take the case to court.
A.fare
B.fee
C.salary
正确答案是：
21.[单选题]交际用语：
— You'd better not push yourself too hard. You can ask the team and listen.
— __________
A.You are right.
B.No, we can't do that.
C.I think it will kill our time.
正确答案是：
22.[单选题]交际用语：—You’d better not push yourself too hard. You can turn to the team for help.
—_____________
A.You are right.
B.No, we can’t do that.
C.I think it will kill our time.
正确答案是：
23.[单选题]交际用语：
—It's about a successful businessman's management experience, isn't it?
— ____________
A.My pleasure!
B.That's right!
C.It's up to you!
正确答案是：
24.[单选题]交际用语：
—Hello, Sally. How’s everything?
—_________
A.Good for you.
B.Oh, I agree
C.That’s right.
D.Just so-so.
正确答案是：
25.[单选题]交际用语：
—I’d like a wake-up call at 7:00 a.m., please!
—OK, （ ）
A.you will certainly make it.
B.I’ll make sure you get one.
C.just do what you like.
正确答案是：
26.[单选题]词汇与结构：
They have come to the conclusion （ ） this winter will be even colder than before.
A.when
B.which
C.that
正确答案是：
27.[单选题]词汇与语法：All the team members tried their best. We lost the game, _________.
A.however
B.therefore
C.since
正确答案是：
28.[单选题]选择填空：Regular and concrete feedback is important________ who is not performing up to her potential.
A.when to deal with a worker
B.when dealing with a worker
C.when dealt with a worker
正确答案是：
29.[单选题]选择填空：________ the job, employers don’t want to hire people who are difficult to get along with.
A.Despite of
B.Regardless
C.Regardless of
正确答案是：
30.[单选题]词汇语法：All the _____ guests are seated in the front row.
A.distinguishing
B.extinguishing
C.distinguished
正确答案是：
31.[单选题]选择填空：Her desire for the ________of a beautiful town remained.
A.create
B.creation
C.created
正确答案是：
32.[单选题]词汇与语法：Wendy suggests that we ________ tomorrow.
A.shall go
B.should go
C.will go
正确答案是：
33.[单选题]词汇与语法：At a rough ________, we will take another four weeks to finish this plan.
A.estimate
B.value
C.account
正确答案是：
34.[单选题]选择填空：Current opinion among politicians is that she is_______ and stands for her principles.
A.encourage
B.courage
C.courageous
正确答案是：
35.[单选题]词汇与结构：
On hearing the news of （ ） the major exam again, the girl burst into tears.
A.she failed
B.her having failed
C.her being failed
正确答案是：
36.[单选题]交际用语：
—I have got two tickets for the match. Shall we go and watch it together?
—_________________.
A.The tickets must be expensive.
B.The match must be exciting.
C.Why not? Let’s go.
D.The place is too far away.
正确答案是：
37.[单选题]交际用语：
— Why didn't you come to my birthday party yesterday?
— ____________
A.Excuse me, my friend sent me a flower.
B.Sorry, but my wife had a car accident.
C.Fine, I never go to birthday parties.
正确答案是：
38.[单选题]交际用语：
— ____________________________
—Actually I prefer working on my own.
A.Could I use this dictionary?
B.May I open the window to let in some fresh air?
C.Do you prefer teamwork or working individually?
正确答案是：
39.[单选题]交际用语：
— Scott, I’d like to have your opinions about my written report.
—______ But I have one suggestion.
A.That’s a good idea.
B.You are too modest.
C.It looks fine to me.
正确答案是：
40.[单选题]交际用语：
—I think things have been a bit difficult for us the last couple of months.
—_________ We’ve been working hard, but still getting behind.
A.You’re right.
B.I’m afraid.
C.I don’t think so.
正确答案是：
41.[单选题]词汇语法：We ________ with achievement.
A.done
B.are obsessed
C.catch up
正确答案是：
42.[单选题]选择填空：________CEOs spend planning, the more profitable their companies are.
A.The more time
B.The more
C.The less time
正确答案是：
43.[单选题]选择填空：Compared_______ English, Chinese is generally believed to be more difficult to learn.
A.with
B.from
C.against
正确答案是：
44.[单选题]选择填空：_______ CEO spend planning, the more profitable their companies are.
A.The more
B.The more time
C.The less time
正确答案是：
45.[单选题]词汇语法：In high school, I am equally comfortable______ as a member of a team and independently.
A.to work
B.working
C.work
正确答案是：
46.[单选题]词汇语法：I think the primary ______factor is there's been so much absence lately.
A.contributing
B.causing
C.affecting
正确答案是：
47.[单选题]选择填空：By the end of the year, the sales plan for the next year_______.
A.will be made
B.will have been made
C.have been made
正确答案是：
48.[单选题]选择填空：________there is smoke, there is fire.
A.If
B.When
C.Where
正确答案是：
49.[单选题]选择填空： Good work_______ good pay.
A.deserves
B.requests
C.deserts
正确答案是：
50.[单选题]交际用语：
— Haven’t seen you for ages. What are you busy doing now?
—______
A.My hair is getting a bit longer.
B.Yeah, thanks for coming.
C.I am working part time in a bookstore.
正确答案是：
51.[单选题]交际用语：
— The Auto Show in the City Stadium has been canceled.
— Oh, no! _________
A.What a pity!
B.It doesn’t matter!
C.It’s not interesting at all!
正确答案是：
52.[单选题]选择填空：AT&T found that employees with better planning and decision-making skills were ____to be promoted into management jobs.
A.more likely
B.more like
C.more unlikely
正确答案是：
53.[单选题]选择填空：The demands and requirements placed on the CEO of Sony are different from ________ on the manager of your local Wendy’s restaurant.
A.these
B.those
C.which
正确答案是：
54.[单选题]词汇与语法：______ managers spend most of their time in face-to-face contact with others, but they spend much of it obtaining and sharing information.
A.Not only
B.Do not only
C.Not only do
正确答案是：
55.[单选题]词汇与语法：______ clearly communicate with and actively listen to employees is essential to improve their performance.
A.Be able to
B.Being able
C.Being able to
正确答案是：
56.[单选题]选择填空： Who was________ the meeting?
A.chairing
B.leading
C.charging
正确答案是：
57.[单选题]选择填空：The key ______successful implementation is clearly communicating the strategy to the whole company.
A.to
B.in
C.of
正确答案是：
58.[单选题]交际用语：
—The trip ought not to take more than an hour.
—______ It is at least two hours.
A.I guess so.
B.You must be joking.
C.It depends.
正确答案是：
59.[单选题]交际用语：
— Have you already paid? What’s my share of the bill？
— _________. It wasn’t very much.
A.It’s my share
B.None of your business
C.Don’t worry about it
正确答案是：
60.[单选题]交际用语：
—Can you explain it again?
—___________
A.I see.
B.Let me put it in another way.
C.Yes, I can.
正确答案是：
61.[单选题]交际用语：
—I’m taking my driving test tomorrow.
—__________________
A.Cheers!
B.Congratulations!
C.Come on!
D.Good luck!
正确答案是：
62.[单选题]选择填空：It is through enthusiasm and quiet intensity_________ we transform creativity and vision into the technologies.
A.that
B./
C.which
正确答案是：
63.[单选题]选择填空：This is the man_______ last night.
A.whom I saw him
B.who I saw him
C.whom I saw
正确答案是：
64.[单选题]选择填空：Linda walked at the head, _______ by her colleagues.
A.followed
B.following
C.to follow
正确答案是：
65.[单选题]选择填空：In today’ s environment, ________people are often burned out, it’s important for employees to have a personal connection with you and the work you believe in.
A.when
B.where
C.while
正确答案是：
66.[单选题]选择填空：I believe that I have a lot to contribute ________a team environment, and am comfortable in both leadership and player roles.
A.to
B.with
C.for
正确答案是：
67.[单选题]词汇语法：The responsibilities in handbook ______ that managers have to be concerned with efficiency and effectiveness in the work process.
A.imply
B.indicate
C.interrupt
正确答案是：
68.[单选题]选择填空：________ on the hilltop, you could enjoy the scenery of the city bathed in the sun.
A.Standing
B.Stand
C.Stood
正确答案是：
69.[单选题]交际用语：
—____________________identify the problems that have been occurring?
—Well, as you know, the problems we had with Gary caused a lot of friction among the team.
A.What would you
B.Will you
C.Are you able to
正确答案是：
70.[单选题]词汇与语法：Without his assistance, I ________ the research last month.
A.would not have completed
B.could not finish
C.should not finish
正确答案是：
71.[单选题]选择填空：We need_______ communication skills: listen carefully, think before you speak and manage conflicts diplomatically.
A.outstanding
B.plain
C.general
正确答案是：
72.[单选题]词汇与语法：______ his anger the employees called him Mr. Thunder, but they loved him.
A.Due to
B.In spite of
C.Because
正确答案是：
73.[单选题]选择填空： Effective leaders distill(提炼) complex thoughts and strategies into simple, memorable terms_________ colleagues and customers can grasp and act upon.
A.when
B.that
C.who
正确答案是：
74.[单选题]选择填空：________ his anger, the employees called him Mr. Thunder, but they loved him.
A.Due to
B.In spite of
C.Because
正确答案是：
75.[单选题]词汇与语法：Companies are ______ interested in your soft skills ______ they are in your hard skills.
A.so… that…
B.as…as…
C.not…until…
正确答案是：
76.[单选题]词汇语法：An agreement was reached on the _____ of mutual respect and mutual interest.
A.basic
B.base
C.basis
正确答案是：
77.[单选题]交际用语：
— Do you mind if I use vouchers to spend in a restaurant?
—_________
A.Yes, please.
B.Not at all. Go ahead.
C.No, thank you.
正确答案是：
78.[单选题]交际用语：
—_____________
—I’d like to have this film developed.
A.What’s it?
B.May I help you?
C.What do you want?
正确答案是：
79.[单选题]交际用语：
—It’s about a successful businessman’s management experience, isn’t it?
—____________
A.My pleasure!
B.That’s right!
C.It’s up to you!
正确答案是：
80.[单选题]交际用语：
—What would you like, tea or coffee?
—______________________
A.Yes, I would
B.Coffee, please.
C.Yes, please.
D.It’s very nice.
正确答案是：
81.[单选题]选择填空：An appreciated gift and the gesture of providing it will ________your coworker’s day.
A.look up
B.lift to
C.light up
正确答案是：
82.[单选题]选择填空： How do you get your members to________ as a team?
A.pull apart
B.pull up
C.pull together
正确答案是：
83.[单选题]词汇与语法：
Effective leaders distill complex thoughts and strategies into simple, memorable terms __________ colleagues and customers can grasp and act upon.
A.when
B.that
C.who
正确答案是：
84.[单选题]词汇语法：In today's environment, __________ people are often burned out, it's important for employees to have a personal connection with you and the work you believe in.
A.where
B.when
C.while
正确答案是：
85.[单选题]交际用语：
— Do you mind if I use vouchers to spend in a restaurant?
— __________
A.Yes, please.
B.Not at all. Go ahead.
C.No, thank you.
正确答案是：
86.[单选题]交际用语：—Is it possible for you to work out the plan tonight?
—_____________
A.I’ll do that.
B.I think so.
C.I’d love to.
正确答案是：
87.[单选题]选择填空：________clearly communicate with and actively listen to employees is essential to improve their performance.
A.Be able to
B.Being able
C.Being able to
正确答案是：
88.[单选题]选择填空：She is very adaptive and soon adapted_______ the campus life.
A.with
B.to
C.as
正确答案是：
89.[单选题]选择填空：_______ the importance of English, we should put more effort into it and try to learn it well.
A.Gave
B.Giving
C.Given
正确答案是：
90.[单选题]选择填空： He will write to me as soon as he _______ home.
A.will have returned
B.returns
C.will return
正确答案是：
91.[单选题]选择填空：To build the reservoir(水库), thousands of people have to be_______.
A.relocated
B.repeated
C.reopened
正确答案是：
92.[单选题]选择填空：Even the best continually seek ways to________ their skills.
A.sharp
B.sharpener
C.sharpen
正确答案是：
93.[单选题]交际用语：—How did your meeting go yesterday?
—__________, actually, it was really frustrating.
A.Not so good
B.Very good
C.Nothing special
正确答案是：
94.[单选题]交际用语：
Guest: Hi, waiter!
Waiter: ___________
Guest: I can’t eat this. It’s too salty.
A.Yes, sir?
B.What?
C.All right?
D.Pardon?
正确答案是：
95.[单选题]选择填空：I think a big part of it is ________we know how to have fun on the job.
A.that
B.which
C.why
正确答案是：
96.[单选题]词汇与结构：
—Who should be responsible for the accident?
—The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order（ ）.
A.as are telling
B.as told
C.as they told
正确答案是：
97.[单选题]词汇与语法： I like to think ______. I am always the one finding new ways to a situation or challenge.
A.inside of the box
B.of the box
C.outside of the box
正确答案是：
98.[单选题]词汇与结构：
Without human resources, no organization can（ ）the ground, let alone do business and make profits.
A.get off
B.get up
C.get on
正确答案是：
99.[单选题]词汇语法：The majority of these team challenges ______ anywhere.
A.can deliver
B.are delivered
C.can be delivered
正确答案是：
100.[单选题]交际用语：
—Terribly sorry to interrupt, but may I use your dictionary?
—Yes,___________.
A.of course
B.it doesn’t matter
C.no hurry
正确答案是：
101.[单选题]词汇与结构：
My leather shoes cost me （ ） the last pairs I bought.
A.three times as
B.three time as
C.three times as much as
正确答案是：
102.[单选题]词汇语法：AT&T found that employees with better planning and decision-making skills were ______ to be promoted into management jobs.
A.more likely
B.more like
C.more unlikely
正确答案是：
103.[单选题]词汇与语法：The responsibilities in handbook ______ that managers have to be concerned with efficiency and effectiveness in the work process.
A.imply
B.indicate
C.interrupt
正确答案是：
104.[单选题]选择填空：There is no ________the fact that he is the best student in the class.
A.deny
B.denies
C.denying
正确答案是：
105.[单选题]交际用语：
—This box is too heavy for me to carry upstairs.
—__________
A.You may ask for help
B.I’ll give you a hand
C.Please do me a favor
正确答案是：
106.[单选题]交际用语：
— You know, I have three kids now.
—______
A.Well, I’ve grown a mustache.
B.That’s terrific.
C.Well, I gave up drinking.
正确答案是：
107.[单选题]交际用语：
— Don’t worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only a common cold.
—______ I’ll tell Dad there’s nothing serious.
A.What a relief!
B.How surprising!
C.I’m so sorry!
正确答案是：
108.[问答题]根据要求写作文：以"My Dream Job"为题，写一篇不少于120词的作文。
正确答案是：
109.[理解题]根据文章内容，判断正误。
The Right Way to Motivate Employees
It's important for a CEO to be passionate and enthusiastic, but there's a line of professionalism that must always be maintained.
According to a report from the technology website Venture Beat, PayPal CEO David Marcus wrote a critical letter to his employees blaming them for not using PayPal products and encouraging them to leave if they didn't have the passion to use the products they work for.
According to the website, part of the leaked letter reads:
“It's been brought to my attention that when testing paying with mobile at Cafe 17 last week, some of you refused to install the PayPal app, and others didn't even remember their PayPal passwords. That's unacceptable to me, and the rest of my team, everyone at PayPal should use our products where available. That's the only way we can make them better, and better.”
“In closing, if you are one of the folks who refused to install the PayPal app or if you can't remember your PayPal password, do yourself a favor, go and find something that will connect with your heart and mind elsewhere.”
While not obvious at first, the letter reveals a problem of morale and culture at PayPal. As an executive, you certainly want your employees to use and promote your products. However, when faced with a situation where staff isn't embracing what they make, you need to investigate the root of the problem -- not threaten.
When faced with internal problems, good executives start by asking “why”. They reach out to their executive team first and then to the entire staff to find the root of a problem and how to fix it. Sending out a one-sided note about the problem is not leading, it's retreating.
Leadership starts by listening. Good executives need to get out among the staff and ask questions and listen without judgment or reaction. The fact that company employees are not embracing and using its products is a failure of leadership that Marcus needs to address by self-reflection. At the end of the day, if his employees have to be forced to use the app, how can he expect consumers to want to willingly pay to use it? Marcus should have focused on three questions:
• Why are you not using the app?
• What is it that we can do to ensure you use our app?
• What do you need from me?
操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。
22.1[判断题]A CEO only needs to be passionate and enthusiastic.
A.T
B.F
22.2[判断题]It is not professional that PayPal CEO blames his employees not to use PayPal or forget PayPal passwords.
A.T
B.F
22.3[判断题]“A one-sided note” refers to the root of PayPal's problem.
A.T
B.F
22.4[判断题]When faced with internal problems, good executives find the root of a problem in their executive team first.
A.T
B.F
22.5[判断题]Good executives need to give feedback immediately when they are listening to the staff.
A.T
B.F
正确答案是：
110.[理解题]判断对错：根据短文内容判断给出的语句是否正确, 正确的选“T”, 错误的选“F”。
Jack Welch Leading Organizational Change at GE
When Jack Welch, the Chairman and CEO at General Electric (GE) retired in 2001, he could look back at a very successful career. He became CEO in 1981 at the age of 45. At that time, GE had a very complex organizational structure with considerably bureaucratic rules.
One of his first changes was to initiate a strategy formulation process with the guideline that each of the businesses should be number 1 or 2 in their respective areas. If this was not the case, managers had the options of fixing the problem, selling their particular business, or closing it. In an effort to streamline the organization, Welch removed the sector level and eliminated thousands of salaried and hourly employee positions.
The restructuring was followed by changing the organizational culture and the managerial styles of GE’ s managers. One such program was the Work-Out(群策群力). Groups of managers were assembled to share their views openly in three-day sessions. At the beginning of the meetings, the superior presented the challenges for his or her organizational unit. Then the superior had to leave, requesting the groups to find solutions to the problems. Facilitators(会议主持人) helped these discussions. On the last day, the superior was presented with proposed solutions. He or she then had three choices: to accept the proposal, not to accept it, or to collect more information. This process put great pressure on the superior to make decisions.
Another program to improve effectiveness and efficiency was Best Practices. The aim was to learn from other companies how they obtained customer satisfaction, how they related to their suppliers, and in what ways they developed new products. This helped the GE people to focus on the processes in their operations that would improve the company’s performance.
Jack Welch was personally involved in developing managers at GE’ s training center in Crotonville. Leaders, Welch suggested, are not only those who achieve results but also those who share the values of the company.
21.1[单选题]Jack Welch retired at the age of 65.
A.T
B.F
21.2[单选题]Jack Welch insisted that each of the businesses should be at least number 3 in their respective area.
A.T
B.F
21.3[单选题]If the business could not meet Welch’s change requirements, its manager had 3 choices.
A.T
B.F
21.4[单选题]The restructuring went before changing the organizational culture and the managerial styles of GE’s managers.
A.T
B.F
21.5[单选题]The Work-Out lasted a week.
A.T
B.F
正确答案是：
111.[理解题]阅读理解：阅读短文, 从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个正确答案。
How to Handle a Bad Performance Review?
Getting a bad performance review can make you feel angry, unappreciated, defeated, and hopeless. But it’s not the end of the world. Remember that the way you respond to this appraisal can make all the difference in the next one. Even if you believe that the review is inaccurate and that your boss is completely wrong, you will benefit by reacting in a mature, adult manner. Here are some suggestions:
Stay calm. Relax. Breathe. Do not overreact and be objective. Especially, do not say things that will likely be regretted later. Besides, the person giving the performance review mayor may not be the one who has written the bad review.
What to Do When Receiving a Bad Performance Review
It’s best to listen attentively. And make comments or remarks only when asked for them. Besides, during the performance review, you will be given the chance to respond and may disagree.
What to Do After Receiving a Bad Performance Review
Don’t be intimidated by the bad performance review and want to quit the job; instead, learn from it. Also, if the organization allows their employees to make a written statement on their own behalf, do make one. It is important for the worker to show why she does not agree with the bad performance review; for instance, an employee may express their different understanding and, at the same time, a willingness to comply with any constructive suggestions.
Ways to Improve a Bad Performance Review
A way to improve a bad performance review is to set self-reviews, that is, establish performance standards. Another way to improve a bad review is to learn more about what the manager, supervisor, or boss wants or expects from his / her employees. Learning what it was that caused a bad performance review helps improve professional growth and encourages as well as motivates the worker to do better in order to receive a good review next time.
21.1[单选题]What should you do when you are given a bad performance review?
A.Argue with your boss.
B.Make immediate remarks.
C.Stay calm and listen carefully.
21.2[单选题]What should you do after you are given a bad performance review?
A.Quit your job immediately.
B.Insist on making comments.
C.Learn from the review.
21.3[单选题]What should you do if you do not agree with the bad performance review?
A.Tell the boss directly that you do not agree with the review.
B.Make a written statement on your own behalf if it allowed.
C.Do not express your different understanding in a written statement.
21.4[单选题]How do you improve a bad performance review?
A.Understand the established performance standards.
B.Learn more about what the employee wants or expects.
C.Learn what the person who gives the review may think.
21.5[单选题]Why should we understand the cause of a bad performance review?
A.Because it helps the employee to get promoted immediately.
B.Because it encourages and motivates the worker to do better.
C.Because it prevents the employee from professional growth.
正确答案是：
112.[问答题]作文：根据写作要求，写出一篇作文。
Write about an event based on the following information. You may need the 5Ws and 1H elements.
（图1）
图1
正确答案是：
113.[理解题]判断对错：根据短文内容判断给出的语句是否正确, 正确的选“T”, 错误的选“F”。
Create a Positive Workplace Culture
In competitive markets, leaders are under increased pressure to maintain a positive work culture. A positive work culture cultivates greater employee satisfaction; greater employee satisfaction contributes to higher performance; higher performance impacts improved client outcomes; improved client outcomes contribute to service excellence.
Positive work cultures are built over time and need constant attention. Such cultures are dependent on leadership vision and values.
An effective leader sets the tone for the team, encourages a positive workplace culture and is able to bring about cultural change.
Workplace culture is made up of the shared attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, values and expectations that influence the way people work in the workplace. It is “the way we do things around here”.
Some cultural aspects are understood by all and, are obvious such as turning up for wok on time, while others may be "unwritten rules" that are not so obvious for example how personal issues are resolved with work colleagues.
Many factors that influence whether a workplace has a positive outlook are within the control of people who work in a workplace. There are also factors out of their control, such as slumps in global prices or a change in demand and supply. The company can, however, control how they respond to these factors.
Those companies that do create positive workplace environments develop a reputation in their community as being “good to work for” and have a competitive edge. Not only are these companies more able to attract and retain people, they tend to be more stable as they proactively deal with issues and adapt to change.
Teams work best when they are clear about what is expected of them. They are more able to deal with difficult issues if they feel the values of the organization are supportive of them.
For a workplace culture to be positive, the direction and actions of the business must be consistent with the core values of the people in the workplace. The people must trust each other and be able to openly express and exchange ideas.
Working through these steps will help with developing a positive business culture.
22.1[单选题]A positive work culture will give workers more satisfaction.
A.T
B.F
22.2[单选题]Positive cultures have a lot to do with leadership vision and values.
A.T
B.F
22.3[单选题]The direction and actions for the business must differ from the core values of the employees in order for a workplace culture to be positive.
A.T
B.F
22.4[单选题]In competitive markets, leaders are under more and more pressure to keep a positive work culture.
A.T
B.F
22.5[单选题]Positive work culture can be built in a short period of time.
A.T
B.F
正确答案是：
114.[理解题]判断对错：根据短文内容判断给出的语句是否正确，正确的选“T”，错误的选“F”。
Who Killed Nokia?
Nokia executives attempted to explain its fall from the top of the smartphone pyramid with three factors: 1) that Nokia was technically inferior to Apple, 2) that the company was complacent and 3) that its leaders didn’t see the disruptive iPhone coming.
It has also been argued that it was none of the above. Nokia lost the smartphone battle because of divergent shared fears among the company’s middle and top managers which led to company-wide inertia that left it powerless to respond to Apple’s game.
Based on the findings of an in-depth investigation and 76 interviews with top and middle managers, engineers and external experts, the researchers discovered a culture of fear due to temperamental leaders and that frightened middle managers were scared of telling the truth.
The fear that froze the company came from two places. First, the company’s top managers had a terrifying reputation. Some members of Nokia’s board and top management were described as "extremely temperamental" and they regularly shouted at people "at the top of their lungs". It was very difficult to tell them things they didn’t want to hear. Second, top managers were afraid of the external environment and not meeting their quarterly targets, which also impacted how they treated middle managers.
Top managers thus made middle managers afraid of disappointing them. Middle managers were told that they were not ambitious enough to meet top managers’ goals.
Fearing the reactions of top managers, middle managers remained silent or provided optimistic, filtered information. Thus, middle managers directly lied to top management.
What was worse, a culture of status inside Nokia made everyone want to hold onto vested power for fear of resources being allocated elsewhere if they delivered bad news or showed
that they were not bold or ambitious enough to undertake challenging assignments.
Beyond verbal pressure, top managers also applied pressure for faster performance in personnel selection. This led middle managers to over promise and under deliver. One middle manager told us that "you can get resources by promising something earlier, or promising a lot. It’s sales work."
While modest fear might be healthy for motivation, abusing it can be like overusing a drug, which risks generating harmful side effects. To reduce this risk, leaders should coordinate with the varied emotions of the staff. Nokia’s top managers should have encouraged safe dialog, internal coordination and feedback to understand the true emotion in the organization.
22.1[单选题]Nokia lost the smartphone battle because its technology was not as good as that of Apple.
A.T
B.F
22.2[单选题]Nokia’s middle managers were frank to tell the truth, but the top ones didn’t listen to them
A.T
B.F
22.3[单选题]Nokia’s top managers were too moody to hear anything good but harsh.
A.T
B.F
22.4[单选题]Middle managers in Nokia delivered results more than they promised earlier.
A.T
B.F
22.5[单选题]Nokia’s top managers should have had better conversation techniques to encourage internal coordination and truth.
A.T
B.F
正确答案是：
115.[理解题]阅读理解：阅读短文，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个正确答案。
Communication Failure
The meaning of "communication" goes a lot deeper than people often think. Communication is about conceiving, sending, receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages. A failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication.
Ineffective communication can be disastrous. There is a famous story of a British Army Commander who sent the message “Send reinforcements, we’re going to advance. ” back to his Command Center, through a long chain of subordinates. When the message finally reached the Command Center, it had "mutated" to become "Send three and four pence, we’re going to a dance." The reinforcements never arrived.
You can demonstrate this same principle, although on a less dramatic scale, by trying to play Chinese Whispers with more than 20 people. It is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with.
In a business, there are three main types of communication failure. Each has its own indicative signs.
The first type is known as allocative failure. This occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reaching the right points. The firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. If demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. If the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing.
The second type is executive failure, where communication to trigger specific events / actions is either late, lacking or in error. The symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments, a loss of coordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all.
The final type is human failure. This occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication. This leads to alienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff. Creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips.
22.1[单选题]Confirming reception of the sent messages means________.
A.the messages are sent to the right receivers
B.the messages are correctly understood
C.the messages are correctly written
22.2[单选题]In the famous British Army Commander story, it was probably at the step of _______that went wrong in the communication chain.
A.decoding
B.sending
C.conceiving
22.3[单选题]Chinese whispers is_______.
A.a person who whispers in Chinese
B.a game to pass message around in a whisper
C.the fact that Chinese people don’t normally talk very loudly
22.4[单选题]Allocative failure does NOT happen when_______.
A.the right information goes to the right place
B.a company gathers false information
C.the correct information is not received by the right person
22.5[单选题]Which of the following cases belongs to human failure?
A.Increasing customer complaints.
B.Adequate communication between departments.
C.Decreasing creativity across departments.
正确答案是：
116.[理解题]阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题。
A Teamwork Game
A team of about 35 employees had come together for a team building event. They were a young, bright and enthusiastic team. However, one of their chief problems was the fact that they wouldn't share information or solutions with each other, and the team leader thought they were too focused on themselves and not on the team. As a result, she brought them all into the cafeteria. All of the tables and chairs had been stored away, and fun decorations and hundreds of different colored balloons had been placed around the room.
In the center of the room was a big box of balloons that hadn't been blown up yet. The team leader instructed everybody to pick a balloon, blow it up, and write their name on it, but they had to be careful not to burst the balloon.
Although they were given a second chance if their first balloon popped, they were out of the game the second time round. In the end, about 30 team members wrote their names without their balloons popping. They were then asked to leave the room and, after five minutes, the team leader brought them back in and asked them to find the balloon with their name on it amongst the hundreds of other balloons in the room. After 15 minutes of searching, no one had found their balloon, and the team were told that they were then going to move on to the third round of the activity.
In this round, each team member was instructed to find any balloon with a name on it and then give that balloon to the person whose name was on it. Within two minutes, everybody had their own balloon. The team leader summarized the activity thus: “We are much more efficient when we are willing to share with each other and much better at problem solving when we are working together, not individually.”
Sometimes, members of teams create obstacles by focusing solely on their own pursuits and goals. Every member of the team should ask themselves on a regular basis what they are doing and what they can do for the team.
22.1[单选题]This team building event was aimed at ( ).
A.helping these young, bright and enthusiastic employees become more concentrated on their work
B.making the team members know how to share information or solutions and cooperate with each other
C.building up team morale
22.2[单选题]This event was held in ( ).
A.a self-service restaurant
B.a coffee shop
C.a classroom
22.3[单选题]About how many team members were out of the second round of the activity?
A.30.
B.35.
C.5.
22.4[单选题]Which statement below is correct?
A.In the second round, every one of the team had found their balloons after 15 minutes.
B.In the third round, the team members were asked them to find the balloon with their name on it amongst the hundreds of other balloons in the room.
C.In the third round, everybody had their own balloon with help from others within 2 minutes.
22.5[单选题]What was the event going to teach these employees?
A.Sharing and cooperating with other team members is more efficient when they are working together.
B.Focusing solely on employees' own pursuits is not allowed in workplace.
C.Failure of teamwork is caused by individual.
正确答案是：
117.[理解题]阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误。
Vision and Execution: Two Sides of a Successful Strategy
A strategic plan is not the end goal of the strategic planning process – it is the framework for successfully implementing a strategy. Until a strategic plan is put into effect, it has no real value.
There are several keys to successful implementation. First, people directly involved in executing the strategy must be included in the planning process. Strategic planning is no longer a top-down directive. Without the input and feedback of the people responsible for executing on the strategy, a seemingly solid strategy is likely to fall apart when implementation is attempted.
The next key to successful implementation is clearly communicating the strategy to the whole company. The communication should ensure that everyone in the company understands and accepts the strategy as the best path forward, and not simply the leadership's latest idea. Without clear communication, employees lack a sense of ownership and clarity of purpose. When a strategy is not understood or embraced, it usually results in misunderstanding and uneven commitments to implementation.
Another key to the successful execution of a strategic plan is the clear and straightforward description of the plan and its operations. Even the most brilliant strategy faces failure if it cannot be explained clearly and concisely.
22.1[单选题]The final goal of the strategic planning process is a strategic plan.
A.True（对）
B.False（错）
22.2[单选题]A strategic plan is valuable if it is executed.
A.True（对）
B.False（错）
22.3[单选题]There are four keys to successful implementation.
A.True（对）
B.False（错）
22.4[单选题]A good strategy is likely to fall apart if without the input and feedback of the people responsible for executing on the strategy.
A.True（对）
B.False（错）
22.5[单选题]Leadership's idea determines all.
A.True（对）
B.False（错）
正确答案是：
118.[理解题]阅读理解：阅读短文, 从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个正确答案。
How to Adapt to Change in the Workplace?
If there’s one word that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world today, it’s “change.” Downsizing, reorganizing, and cutting costs, are now the norm for survival. No industry is exempt. Even the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive.
Change management has always been an issue of debate amongst scholars: how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process? And what can employees do to get through it?
Tips for dealing with change in the workplace.
Make yourself aware that change happens: it happens in personal life, it happens in your professional life. You cannot live in the past, so denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you.
Stay alert in the workplace: know what is happening around you. When you come across clues that hint change is on the way, acknowledge them!
Maintain open communication channels: Don’t lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothly. You need to get acquainted with the occurring changes. Seek more details from your management and peers to form an accurate understanding of the matter. Be transparent and lonest about your fears: dealing with the unknown is often resented and daunting. Make the picture as clear as you can.
Assess yourself: Change is a time when one’s confidence about one’s skills and capabilities gets shaky. Recognize your strengths and where you could bring them into play. At the same time, stay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those.
Don’t be stiff: It will make the change process much harder if you are rigid. Be flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply your “existing” skills and knowledge, and what new skills you need to acquire.
Stay optimistic: Keep a positive attitude and don’t let yourself drown in uncertainty. Involve yourself in the new process; locate yourself properly in the new scenario. Adjust!
“You can’t get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountain. You get to the mountaintop by taking incremental steps. Step by step, you get to the goal” says Robin Sharma, one of the world’s most-sought-after leadership and personal success experts.
21.1[单选题]Enterprises carry out downsizing, reorganizing and cutting costs in order to_____.
A.cut down on the number of workers
B.reshuffle the organization
C.survive
21.2[单选题]“No industry is exempt” means“___________”.
A.No industry is an exception
B.No industry is an example
C.Not every industry can be exempted
21.3[单选题]The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT “_____”.
A.How can bosses create favorable conditions for change
B.How can productivity be increased
C.What can workers do to get through change
21.4[单选题]How many suggestions does the author put forward?
A.4
B.5
C.6
21.5[单选题]From the passage, we know that Robin Sharma is ________.
A.an expert on leadership, and personal success
B.a great leader
C.someone who likes to play the game of Hide and Seek
正确答案是：
